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172 Glossary

Enterprise Edge Networking Operations Guide P0910464 Issue 01

ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of CCITT/ITU

standards for digital transmission over ordinary telephone copper wire

as well as over other media. Home and business users who install

ISDN adapters (in place of their modems) can see highly-graphic web

pages arriving at rates up to 128 Kbps.

LAN A LAN is a network of interconnected workstations sharing the

resources of a single processor or server within a relatively small

geographic area.

MAC The Media Access Control (MAC) is a physical address that is the

portion of the data-link layer in 802.x networks that controls

addressing information of the packet and enables data to be sent and

received across a local area network.

Modem A device that transmits signals over telephone lines. It converts binary

electrical signals into acoustic signals, and vice versa.

multilink PPP Multilink PPP is an extension to the PPP protocol that enables you to

group a set of links into a bundle for more bandwidth. The links in the

bundle can operate at different speeds. Typical links can be ISDN B

channels, dial-up connections, and leased-lines.

name servers A name server provides the means of translating readable host

computer names into actual IP addresses so you do not have to

remember long numbers to access other computers and destinations

on the Internet. For example, DNS servers and WINS servers are

name servers.

NetBIOS The Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) is an interface

and upper-level protocol developed by IBM for use with a proprietary

adapter for its PC network product. NetBIOS provides a standard

interface to the lower networking layers. The protocol provides

higher-level programs with access to the network. Windows NT

systems use NetBIOS.

Network Device A network device is a hardware entity characterized by its use as a

communications component within a networking infrastructure.

NIC A network interface card (NIC) is a computer circuit board or card

that is installed in a computer so that it can be connected to a network.

Personal computers and workstations on local area networks (LANs)

typically contain a network interface card specifically designed for the

LAN transmission technology, such as Ethernet or Token Ring.

Network interface cards provide a dedicated, full-time connection to a

network.

Out-of-Band Out-of-band is a method of device access circumventing the network

interface components within the device.

router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks, based on

network layer information and routing tables. A router decides which

path network traffic follows using routing protocols to gain

information about the network and algorithms to choose the best route

based on a routing matrix.

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