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Configuring IP Services
4-14
Configuring a Boundary Router
A router connected to a non-OSPF network — called a
boundary
router
— injects
AS external advertisements (ASEs) into the AS. In Figure 4-2, for example,
routers R1 and R2 are boundary routers that use BGP and EGP to connect the
backbone to external ASs. R7 in Area A is also a boundary router, connecting the
area to an external RIP network. R14 in Area C connects the area to an external
AS via BGP.
A boundary router learns and propagates external routes. OSPF considers the
following routes to be external routes:
• A route to a destination outside the AS
• A static route
• A default route
• A route derived by RIP
• A directly connected network not running OSPF
A boundary router can be attached to the backbone or to any other area. In
addition to OSPF, a boundary router may also run some exterior gateway protocol
(on the interface that connects to another AS), such as BGP.
Boundary routers propagate external routes in the form of AS external (ASE)
advertisements. ASEs are flooded throughout every area in the AS (except stubs,
which by definition receive no information about external routes).
The features and functions of OSPF boundary routers are described in the
following sections:
• Specifying the Metric Type for an ASE Advertisement - page 4-15
• Using the Route Weight as the Type 2 Metric - page 4-15
• Using the External Route Tag in an ASE - page 4-16
For instructions on using Site Manager to configure a boundary router, see the AS
Boundary Router parameter on page 4-37.
- Configuring IP Services 1
- Bay Networks Software License 3
- About This Guide 5
- Software Suites 6
- Audience 7
- CompuServe 8
- InfoFACTS 8
- How to Get Help 9
- Conventions 10
- Acronyms 11
- Chapter 1 13
- IP Datagrams 14
- IP Addresses 15
- Subnet Addressing 16
- (continued) 19
- Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 22
- Route Preferences 23
- Route Weights 24
- IP Traffic Filters 27
- RFC Compliance 27
- Chapter 2 29
- Configuring IP Interfaces 30
- Multinet Interfaces 31
- Next-hop address 0 33
- Next-hop mask equals 0 33
- Subnet Broadcast Addresses 35
- Proxy ARP 38
- Inverse ARP 39
- HP Probe 39
- Security Label Format 45
- How RIPSO Works on the Router 46
- Inbound IP Datagrams 47
- Forwarded IP Datagrams 48
- Originated IP Datagrams 48
- Unlabeled IP Datagrams 48
- RIPSO Example 49
- Defining a Static Route 50
- BFE Addressing 53
- IP over ATM 57
- Configuring Host-Only Mode 58
- Editing IP Parameters 59
- Editing IP Global Parameters 80
- finished 81
- Deleting IP from an Interface 89
- Configuring Static Routes 91
- Editing a Static Route 92
- Deleting a Static Route 96
- Adding an Adjacent Host 97
- Configuring IP Services 100
- Editing TFTP Parameters 101
- Configuring RIPSO Support 104
- Configuring Router Discovery 114
- (continued) 119
- Settings 121
- Chapter 3 123
- Configuring RIP Services 123
- Sending RIP Updates 124
- Sending Triggered Updates 125
- Receiving RIP Updates 126
- Configuring RIP Services 127
- Setting RIP Timers 128
- Enabling RIP2 Authentication 128
- Specifying the RIP Diameter 129
- Editing RIP Parameters 129
- Configuring RIP on the Router 130
- RIP Parameter Descriptions 131
- Chapter 4 139
- Configuring OSPF Services 139
- Specifying Network Types 141
- Configuring OSPF Services 143
- Establishing Adjacencies 144
- Dividing an AS into Areas 145
- Configuring a Border Router 148
- Configuring a Boundary Router 152
- Figure 4-6. OSPF ASE Routes 154
- Configuring Cost Metrics 156
- Table 4-1. OSPF Area Routers 159
- OSPF Implementation Notes 160
- Editing OSPF Parameters 161
- Configuring OSPF on the Router 162
- Editing an OSPF Interface 165
- Example: 178
- Editing OSPF Area Parameters 182
- Adding an Area 183
- Editing an Area 184
- Deleting an Area 186
- Adding a Range to an Area 187
- Editing an Area’s Range 190
- Deleting a Range from an Area 192
- Editing a Neighbor 195
- Deleting a Neighbor 196
- Adding a Virtual Interface 198
- Editing a Virtual Interface 199
- Deleting a Virtual Interface 203
- Chapter 5 205
- Configuring BGP Services 205
- BGP Features 206
- Configuring BGP Services 207
- Configuring BGP on the Router 208
- Selecting the BGP Version 208
- Initiating a Connection 210
- Negotiating a Connection 211
- Keeping the Connection Alive 212
- Terminating a Connection 212
- BGP Messages 213
- Keepalive Message 214
- Update Message 214
- BGP-3 Update Message Format 215
- BGP-4 Update Message Format 216
- . (dot or period) 218
- Notification Message 219
- How BGP Selects the Best Path 221
- Routing Policies 222
- OSPF/BGP Interaction 224
- Using IBGP in a Transit AS 225
- BGP Implementation Notes 227
- Editing BGP Parameters 228
- Editing BGP Global Parameters 232
- Adding a BGP Peer 242
- Deleting a BGP Peer 251
- Generating BGP Event Messages 256
- Click on Add 257
- Deleting BGP from the Router 259
- 2. Click on OK 260
- Chapter 6 261
- Configuring EGP Services 261
- Running RIP 262
- Neighbor Acquisition Phase 263
- Configuring EGP Services 265
- Neighbor Reachability Phase 266
- Router A 268
- Router B 268
- Network Reachability Phase 269
- EGP Implementation Notes 271
- Editing EGP Parameters 272
- Configuring EGP on the Router 273
- Configuring EGP Neighbors 275
- 3. Click on EGP Neighbor 276
- Adding an EGP Neighbor 277
- Editing an EGP Neighbor 279
- Deleting an EGP Neighbor 281
- Deleting EGP from the Router 282
- Chapter 7 283
- Configuring IP Multicasting 283
- Host Groups 284
- How IGMP Works 285
- Configuring IP Multicasting 287
- Figure 7-1. Multicast Routers 287
- Advertising a Route 289
- Creating a Shortest-Path Tree 289
- Identifying a Leaf Network 290
- Pruning a Shortest-Path Tree 290
- Aging a Route 291
- Specifying a Threshold 291
- Types of Multicast Support 293
- Adding a DVMRP Tunnel 308
- 3. Click on Save 312
- Chapter 8 317
- Configuring NetBIOS over IP 317
- Overview of NetBIOS Services 318
- Configuring NetBIOS over IP 319
- Aging a Cache Entry 323
- Customizing a Cache Search 323
- Editing NetBIOS Parameters 325
- NetBIOS Global Parameters 327
- Chapter 9 339
- Configuring IP Policies 339
- Figure 9-1. IP Routing Table 340
- Configuring IP Policies 341
- Configuring Accept Policies 343
- Configuring Announce Policies 359
- Chapter 10 385
- 2. Click on Edit 394
- OSPF Route Filters 395
- 3. Click on OK 401
- BGP-3 Route Filters 405
- EGP Route Filters 418
- Appendix A 429
- Site Manager Default Settings 429
- Table A-5. IP Static Routes 432
- Table A-6. TFTP Parameters 432
- Table A-8. RIPSO Parameters 433
- NetBIOS over IP 435
- BGP Parameters 436
- EGP Parameters 438
- OSPF Parameters 439
- Appendix B 443
- Route Weight Worksheet 443
- Appendix C 447
- IP/OSPF Configuration 447
- IP/OSPF Configuration 449
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